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Picloram
CASRN 1918-02-1
Contents
0256
Picloram; CASRN 1918-02-1
Health assessment information on a chemical substance is included in IRIS only
after a comprehensive review of chronic toxicity data by U.S. EPA health
scientists from several Program Offices and the Office of Research and
Development. The summaries presented in Sections I and II represent a
consensus reached in the review process. Background information and
explanations of the methods used to derive the values given in IRIS are
provided in the Background Documents.
STATUS OF DATA FOR Picloram
File On-Line 09/30/1987
Category (section) Status Last Revised
----------------------------------------- -------- ------------
Oral RfD Assessment (I.A.) on-line 05/01/1992
Inhalation RfC Assessment (I.B.) no data
Carcinogenicity Assessment (II.) no data
_I. CHRONIC HEALTH HAZARD ASSESSMENTS FOR NONCARCINOGENIC EFFECTS
__I.A. REFERENCE DOSE FOR CHRONIC ORAL EXPOSURE (RfD)
Substance Name -- Picloram
CASRN -- 1918-02-1
Last Revised -- 05/01/1992
The oral Reference Dose (RfD) is based on the assumption that thresholds exist
for certain toxic effects such as cellular necrosis. It is expressed in units
of mg/kg-day. In general, the RfD is an estimate (with uncertainty spanning
perhaps an order of magnitude) of a daily exposure to the human population
(including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without an appreciable
risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. Please refer to the Background
Document for an elaboration of these concepts. RfDs can also be derived for
the noncarcinogenic health effects of substances that are also carcinogens.
Therefore, it is essential to refer to other sources of information concerning
the carcinogenicity of this substance. If the U.S. EPA has evaluated this
substance for potential human carcinogenicity, a summary of that evaluation
will be contained in Section II of this file.
___I.A.1. ORAL RfD SUMMARY
Critical Effect Experimental Doses* UF MF RfD
-------------------- ----------------------- ----- --- ---------
Increased liver NOEL: 7 mg/kg/day 100 1 7E-2
weights mg/kg/day
LEL: 35 mg/kg/day
6-Month Dog Feeding (males only)
Study
Dow Chemical, 1982a
*Dose Conversion Factors & Assumptions: none
___I.A.2. PRINCIPAL AND SUPPORTING STUDIES (ORAL RfD)
Dow Chemical Company. 1982a. MRID No. 000110534, 00110535; HED Doc. No.
003954. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460.
Male and female dogs (6/sex/group) were fed diets containing 0, 7, 35, or 175
mg/kg/day of picloram. The observed effects included reduced food consumption
and body weight at 175 mg/kg/day for male and female dogs. Also, liver
effects were experienced at 35 mg/kg/day for males (increased absolute and
relative liver weights) and at 175 mg/kg/day for both males and females
(increased absolute and relative liver weights and elevated serum alkaline
phosphatase).
___I.A.3. UNCERTAINTY AND MODIFYING FACTORS (ORAL RfD)
UF -- An uncertainty factor of 100 was used to account for the inter- and
intraspecies differences.
MF -- None
___I.A.4. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS (ORAL RfD)
Data Considered for Establishing the RfD:
1) 6-Month Feeding - dog: Principal study - see previous description; core
grade minimum
2) 2-Year Feeding - rat: NOEL=20 mg/kg/day; LEL=60 mg/kg/day (toxic changes
in liver (histopathology); core grade guideline (Dow Chemical, 1986)
3) 90-Day Feeding - rat: NOEL=1000 ppm (50 mg/kg/day); LEL=3000 ppm (150
mg/kg/day)(liver histopathology, necrosis, and bile duct proliferation); core
grade minimum (Dow Chemical, 1962)
4) 3-Generation Reproduction - rat: NOEL=1000 ppm (50 mg/kg/day); LEL=3000
ppm (150 mg/kg/day) (reduced fertility); core grade supplementary (Dow
Chemical, 1967)
5) Teratology - rat: Teratagenic NOEL=1000 mg/kg/day (HDT); LEL=none;
Fetotoxic NOEL=none; core grade minimum (Dow Chemical, 1972)
Other Data Reviewed:
1) 13-Week Feeding - rat: NOEL=50 mg/kg/day (liver effects at 150, 300 or 500
mg/kg/day, slight kidney enlargement at 300 or 500 mg/kg/day); core grade
minimum (Dow Chemical, 1982b)
Data Gap(s): Rabbit Teratology Study
___I.A.5. CONFIDENCE IN THE ORAL RfD
Study -- Medium
Data Base -- Medium
RfD -- Medium
The principal study appears to be of fair quality and, therefore, is given a
medium confidence rating. The data base is of fair to good quality with one
data gap and is given a medium confidence rating. Medium confidence in the
RfD follows.
___I.A.6. EPA DOCUMENTATION AND REVIEW OF THE ORAL RfD
Pesticide Registration Standard, February, 1984
Agency Work Group Review -- 05/30/1986, 04/15/1987
Verification Date -- 04/15/1987
___I.A.7. EPA CONTACTS (ORAL RfD)
Please contact the Risk Information Hotline for all questions concerning this
assessment or IRIS, in general, at (513)569-7254 (phone), (513)569-7159 (FAX)
or RIH.IRIS@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV (internet address).
__I.B. REFERENCE CONCENTRATION FOR CHRONIC INHALATION EXPOSURE (RfC)
Substance Name -- Picloram
CASRN -- 1918-02-1
Not available at this time.
_II. CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT FOR LIFETIME EXPOSURE
Substance Name -- Picloram
CASRN -- 1918-02-1
Not available at this time.
_VI. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Substance Name -- Picloram
CASRN -- 1918-02-1
Last Revised -- 10/01/1992
__VI.A. ORAL RfD REFERENCES
Dow Chemical Company. 1962. MRID No. 00041093, 00069969, 00072318,
00072320; HED Doc. No. 003954. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA,
Washington, DC 20460.
Dow Chemical Company. 1967. MRID No. 000410984; HED Doc. No. 003954.
Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460.
Dow Chemical Company. 1972. MRID No. 00059417; HED Doc. No. 003177, 003954.
Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460.
Dow Chemical Company. 1982a. MRID No. 000110534, 00110535; HED Doc. No.
003954. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460.
Dow Chemical Company. 1982b. MRID No. 000110537; HED Doc. No. 003954.
Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460.
Dow Chemical U.S.A. 1986. MRID No. 00155940. Available from EPA. Write to
FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460.
__VI.B. INHALATION RfD REFERENCES
None
__VI.C. CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT REFERENCES
None
_VII. REVISION HISTORY
Substance Name -- Picloram
CASRN -- 1918-02-1
-------- -------- --------------------------------------------------------
Date Section Description
-------- -------- --------------------------------------------------------
01/01/1992 IV. Regulatory actions updated
05/01/1992 I.A.4. Citations added
05/01/1992 I.A.7. Primary contact changed
05/01/1992 VI.A. Bibliography on-line
07/01/1992 III.A. Health Advisory on-line
07/01/1992 VI.D. Health Advisory references on-line
10/01/1992 VI.D. MRID No. corrected
VIII. SYNONYMS
Substance Name -- Picloram
CASRN -- 1918-02-1
Last Revised -- 09/30/1987
1918-02-1
AMDON GRAZON
4-AMINO-3,5,6-TRICHLOROPICOLINIC ACID
4-AMINO-3,5,6-TRICHLORO-2-PICOLINIC ACID
4-AMINO-3,5,6-TRICHLORPICOLINSAEURE
ATCP
BOROLIN
CHLORAMP
K-PIN
NCI-C00237
Picloram
PICOLINIC ACID, 4-AMINO-3,5,6-TRICHLORO-
TORDON 10K
TORDON 22K
3,5,6-TRICHLORO-4-AMINOPICOLINIC ACID
Last updated: 5 May 1998
URL: http://www.epa.gov/iris/SUBST/0256.HTM
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